Anca Diaconu and Rares Farcas from our member firm NNDKP highlight the latest developments in Romania’s competition law, including revised sanctions, and explore their potential impact on businesses and investors…
Turnover-based rents have become widely used in recent years, driven by restrictions on the use of foreign currency, persistent inflation and rising rental costs. Although this rent model has sparked…
The Capital Markets team of our member firm Kolcuoglu Demirkan Kocakli has released a client alert addressing the recent increase in the thresholds applicable to professional client and qualified investor…
Case Overview
On 4 November 2025, the Hellenic Competition Commission (“HCC”) adopted a commitment decision (Decision 893/2025) concerning a price-protection clause included by a prominent retail chain, PUBLIC RETAIL S.A.…
Introduction
The growing global focus on clean energy transitions has placed green hydrogen at the forefront of sustainable development strategies. As Bulgaria advances its renewable energy goals, cooperation with technologically…
On November 27, 2025, Ministerial Decision EALE/G.P. oik. 51724/2025 (Government Gazette B 6333/27.11.2025 – the “MD”) was issued, setting out updates to the framework governing the individual distribution of High-Cost…
With the adoption of the Law on Special Conditions for the Recording and Registration of Property Rights (commonly referred to as “On One’s Own Land”), the state has opened up…
The Constitutional Court’s decision (“Decision”), published in the Official Gazette on 1 December 2025 (No. 33094), annulled the annual statutory interest rate set forth in Article 1 of Law No.…
Introduction
In a decisive move to reshape the market’s regulatory landscape, Greek government has unveiled a new institutional framework designed to modernize market control, enhance transparency and address the cost…
If you are planning a merger or a demerger, be aware of the amended procedure for claiming tax neutrality of the transaction, which is expected to enter into force on…
On 23 October 2025, the National Assembly adopted the Workers’ Ownership Cooperative Act (“ZLZD“), which will enter into force on 1 January 2026.
Basic idea of the ZLZD
The Act,…
On 11 November 2025, the National Assembly adopted the Act on the Right to the Winter Bonus and the Reform of the Determination of the Tax Base Considering Standardised Expenses…
The Banking and Finance team of our member firm Kolcuoglu Demirkan Kocakli has issued a client alert “Exceptions to Foreign Currency Loan Usage Expanded”.
Read the client alert
A tax reform bill has been submitted to the Hellenic Parliament for voting and is expected to be adopted in the coming days. The bill introduces a comprehensive set of…
Company mergers have emerged as a significant tool in companies’ growth, restructuring, and competitiveness enhancement strategies, particularly during periods of accelerated economic fluctuations and sectoral transformations. The simplified merger procedure…
Introduction
Greece has recently enacted Law 5236/2025, transposing the Critical Entities Resilience Directive (Directive (EU) 2022/2557, “CERD”) into national law. The new regime introduces a comprehensive framework to identify and…
In the past, competition authorities have mainly focused on markets where companies offer various products and services. In recent years, however, their attention has increasingly turned to the labor market.…
On 12 July 2025, the Act on the Enforcement of Partial Reimbursement of Wage Compensation for Shorter Working Time (Official Gazette of the Republic of Slovenia, No. 47/25; hereinafter referred to as…
An arbitral award is, as a rule, final, since pursuant to Article 38 of the Slovenian Arbitration Act (Zakon o arbitraži – ZArbit), it has the effect of a final court…
The legal concept of lifting the corporate veil, or the illusion of legal personality, originates from Anglo-Saxon (English) law.
The general principle is that a limited partner, a member of…
The EU Data Act (Regulation (EU) 2023/2854 on fair access to and use of data) became fully applicable on 12 September 2025.
For many companies in the EU, including in…
1. The Grid Bottleneck
Greece is at a pivotal moment in its energy transition. The country has made remarkable progress in deploying renewable energy sources (RES) in recent years; however,…
On 28 July 2025, Law 5221/2025 was published in the Government Gazette (Issue A’ 133/28.07.2025). The Law introduces key reforms to the Civil Procedure Code (“CPC“), aimed at accelerating the…
After a summer of anticipation among businesses and legal practitioners, the Interministerial Committee for the Screening of Foreign Direct Investments on grounds of security or public order (“ICSFDI – Δ.Ε.Ε.Α.Ξ.Ε.“)…